Roof surface (run binoculars across each slope)
Look for these 12 items on every slope:
- Missing shingles
- Lifted or curled shingle edges
- Cracked or split shingles
- Bald patches where granules are gone
- Color variation indicating prior repairs or moisture damage
- Moss or algae streaks (note coverage percentage)
- Cupping or clawing (middle of shingle bowing up)
- Visible nails or staples sticking up
- Gaps in shingle alignment
- Sagging between rafters (visible undulation)
- Punctures from fallen branches or debris
- Bird, squirrel, or raccoon damage near eaves
Penetrations (each chimney, vent, skylight)
For each penetration, check 8 items:
- Flashing intact and properly layered into shingles
- Step flashing visible on chimney sides (not just caulk)
- Counter-flashing into chimney mortar joint
- Rubber pipe boots intact (no cracks or tears)
- Plumbing vent caps in place
- Attic vent screens intact (rodent/insect prevention)
- Skylight seals visible and uncracked
- Pitch pans (square boxes around posts/poles) filled and not pooling water
Edges and trim (around the perimeter)
9 items to verify on the perimeter:
- Drip edge present and not corroded
- Starter shingles visible at bottom edge
- Gable rake trim secure and not bowing
- Ridge cap shingles intact and aligned
- Hip cap shingles intact (where two slopes meet at angle)
- Valleys clean (closed-cut or open metal — no debris)
- Eave overhang straight, not sagging
- Fascia board solid (no rot, no peeling paint indicating moisture)
- Soffit ventilation slots or vents unobstructed
Gutters and drainage
8 items along the gutter system:
- Gutter properly pitched toward downspouts (no standing water)
- Gutter not pulling away from fascia
- Hangers visible every 24-32 inches
- Joints sealed and not leaking
- End caps in place and sealed
- Downspouts secured and connected to extensions
- Splash blocks or extensions directing water 3+ feet from foundation
- Granules or shingle debris collecting in gutter (note quantity)
Interior signs (attic and ceilings)
6 items to check from inside:
- No water stains on top-floor ceilings
- No water stains on upper exterior walls (interior side)
- Attic deck wood looks dry, no dark stains
- No daylight visible through attic deck
- Insulation dry to touch (especially around penetrations)
- No mold or musty smell in attic
Documentation
4 items to complete the inspection:
- Photographs of every concern, with timestamp
- Notes on coverage percentages for moss/algae
- Comparison photos to prior inspection (if available)
- Calendar reminder set for next inspection (6 months)